Crucial Scene in Macbeth: The Dagger Soliloquy Essay

So far, the play has hurdled through seven scenes of mounting tension and now  tithers on the threshold of regicide. At this point, Shakespeare freezes the action. In the tension of silence, both character and play develop on new levels. For Macbeth, this soliloquy, in A.C. Bradley’s words: â€Å"is where the powerful workings of his imagination rises to a new level of visible intensity as his conscience manifests itself as an air-drawn dagger.† This is the first glimpse of a vigorous imagination from which stems the guilt-inspired hallucinations that will torment him. Bradley concludes that â€Å"his imagination is a substitute for conscience†, but this isn’t all. This soliloquy expresses macbeth’s most profound fears and hopes, and the dagger symbolises the fulfilment of his black desires. It conveys his internal struggle to divest himself of fear and scruples to become wholly committed to murder. His attempt to grab the dagger indicates his desperation to accomplish the deed before any regrets. Yet the past tense in â€Å"the way I was going† suggests that realisation of his desires has blunted blind courage. Macbeth’s difficulty in overcoming his conscience demonstrates that murder goes against his person, and he has to fight his own nature to carry it out. This soliloquy halts the action for us to absorb this crucial element in his characterisation. His struggle also alerts us to his suffering and heroism. The â€Å"heat-oppressed brain† and his confusion as his eyes and touch contradict each other emphasises his tortured, conflicting mind. Macbeth seeks the reassurance of reality, drawing his own dagger in fear and frustration of confusion. He ultimately rejects the illusion, attributing it to the ‘bloody business’. S.T. Coleridge suggests that macbeth â€Å"mistranslates the recoiling of conscience into selfish reasonings due to his cowardice.† From then on, there’s a grim acceptance of the deed and Macbeth bids the earth to â€Å"hear not his steps†. According to Samuel Johnson, â€Å"that Macbeth wishes to escape the eye of providence is the utmost  extravagance of determined wickedness†, yet Bradley interprets Macbeth’s aligning himself with evil as â€Å"frightfully courageous†. From such varied analysis emerge a humanly complex man driven by his internal turmoil to the point where survival requires that courage straddle fear. On the play’s level, this scene guarantees Duncan’s death. The dagger is a symbol of Macbeth’s resolution, turning its handle toward his hand, spurring him to ‘clutch’ it. The personification of ‘withered Murder† gives the deed a concrete tangibility. And Macbeth’s final words â€Å"whiles I threat, he lives† show his cold determination. In confirming Ducan’s death, it marks a turning point in the play, as Macbeth fulfils the witches’ prophecy. Another turning point is in Macbeth. He lets the dagger marshal him toward the deed, pursuing the illusory rewards offered by evil. In David Elloway’s words: â€Å"He’s entered a world of deceptive dreams and moves through it with the mindlessness of a sleepwalker.† Macbeth expresses his fear of the ‘sure and firm-set earth’, which is a symbol of reality. This shows his tendency to take meaning at face-value, justifying his blind confidence in the witches later. The soliloquy’s dark imagery enforces the magnitude of Macbeth’s crime, and foreshadows its consequences. Blood appears both on the blade and handle of the dagger, insinuating that he cannot emerge cleanly from the deed. Associates of night and evil are evoked to set the scene for murder. The apparent death of nature during night connotes the unnaturalness of the deed. Coleridge believes that â€Å"the dimensions of murder are expressed in the portrayal of its movement.† Murder moves in three ways: stealthily, as that of a trained assassin. Then, with Tarquin’s ravish, equating it with rape. And, like that of a ghost’s, a mindless wraith â€Å"alarumed† to fulfil his sole purpose. By portraying the diverse facets of murder, Shakespeare demonstrates its profound unnaturalness, and the magnitude of its consequences. Also, this crucial scene reinforces the themes and motifs of the play, extending upon their importance. Primarily, it illuminates the conflict between appearance and reality. Despite the apparent solidity of the dagger, Macbeth cannot grasp it. This dramatises the deceptive nature of appearance. The latent meanings of many lines epitomise the idea that the full truth is hidden by face value. The phrase: â€Å"dagger of the mind† doesn’t merely mean an imaginary weapon, but also the bane of the mind – a rancour in his peace. Only both meanings together can convey Macbeth’s turmoil and the depth of his thoughts. The image of blood in ‘gouts’, the darkness of night, and the non-restriction of action to merely human agencies are potent elements of this soliloquy. These are what create the ominous ambience of the play. According to Bradley, â€Å"macbeth gives the impression of a black night broken by flashes of light and colour.† Here, the glimmering dagger and the potent colour of blood create this effect. Such vivid and violent imagery are what characterises Macbeth. Shakespeare’s pre-eminence as a dramatist is due to his capacity to create vivid images that embody powerful human emotions. This soliloquy brims with such imagery and symbolism, and is imperative in promoting Macbeth, the simplest of Shakespearean tragedies, to be the most broad and massive in effect.

To Kill a Mockingbird Speech

â€Å"Some Negroes lie, some Negroes are immoral, some Negroes are not to be trusted around women – black or white. But this is a truth that applies to the human race and to no particular race of men†. That was a quote by Atticus Finch. Atticus Finch is a man who always tries to do what is right. In the novel ‘To Kill a Mockingbird’ a major theme is racism. An innocent black man is unfairly charged for raping a white girl. Throughout the book we learn about Atticus’ views on racism as well as racism being present in the novel. I feel very strongly about this topic and my views about it are very similar to Atticus’, rather than most of the Maycomb community’s. In ‘To Kill a Mockingbird’ racism has a big impact in the novel. Since the book was based in the 1930’s, the issue of racism was not only present in the book but was relevant at the time in the Southern States of America. In 1930 Negroes had only been free from slavery for 65 years. After these 65 years of being free citizens, most whites still believed they are below them. This isn’t so different in Australia. The Aboriginal Australians were only granted the right to vote, after a referendum was held in 1967. That was around 45 years ago and still some aboriginals still fall victims to racism. The town of Maycomb County is a good example of a community whom a majority of its citizens stereotype people by their skin colour. The difference from Atticus’s views on racism compared to a person like Bob Ewell is completely opposite. Atticus lives in a racist society and doesn’t share these prejudice views. Atticus once said â€Å"You never really know a man until you stand in his shoes and walk around in them†. He teaches his children, Jem and Scout to treat everyone with respect, including their black housekeeper, Calpurnia. He respects people of colour and believes it is his duty to defend Tom Robinson to the best of his ability. Bob Ewell and a majority of Maycomb County do not agree with Atticus’s views. They don’t see Tom as â€Å"Tom†, they see him as a negro. Atticus quotes: â€Å"what was one negro, more or less, among two hundred of ‘em? Read also  How Powerful Do You Find Atticus Finch’s Closing Speech? He wasn’t Tom to them†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Due to the jury racially discriminating against Negroes, Tom Robinson was pronounced guilty. No matter how much evidence Atticus justified to the court that Tom Robinson was not guilty, the jury would still pick a white person over a Negro. Tom truly believed he had no chance for an appeal and decided to attempt to escape, taking his own chances and being shot. Tom believed that he would fall victim to racial prejudice again and not be judged fairly despite his innocence. Racism caused an innocent man’s death. In my opinion, I don’t see how anyone benefits from being racist and I am so against it. We are all human beings and that doesn’t change because of the colour of your skin. No race is better than the other and it is ignorant to believe that you are above someone else by judging their skin colour. Racism is so unnecessary and I stand with Atticus’s views when It comes to this topic. Atticus’s lack of racial prejudice shows how fair and genuinely good of a person he is. Atticus made an impression on the Maycomb community, a community that in the 1930’s were very racially discriminating against coloured people. Atticus influences the reader to have not judge someone based on their skin colour. The Tom Robinson case was a step towards stopping racism. ‘Atticus finch won’t win, he can’t win, but he’s the only man in these parts who can keep a jury out so long in a case like that. ’, Miss Maudie quotes ‘well, we’re making a step – it’s just a baby step, but it’s a step’. To Kill a Mockingbird Speech English Speech The bildungsroman genre comprises social and psychological maturity of its protagonist. Harper lee's To Kill a Mockingbird and Gwen Harwood's Father and Child poem both are written in bildungsroman genre. The two texts surround the themes of childhood innocence and maturing to reflect upon universal human experiences. Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird focuses on the protagonist, Scout, and how moves from a state of innocence to one of maturity. At the start of the book, Scout is like any other girl; her ideas are simple and childish.Scouts loss of innocence is portrayed in the Tom Robinson's trial. Most adults of the community insist scout is too young to hear about a trial about rape, however scout replies, â€Å"I most certainly am not, I know every word you're saying. † This shows the loss of innocence in Scout and reflects on the universal human experiences surrounding this theme. Similarly, Gwenn Harwood's Father and Child also uses the bildungsroman genre to depict universal human experiences.Harwood utilizes violent and visual imagery in portraying the child murdering the owl to emphasise the loss of innocence. Also the phrase, â€Å"for what I have begun† suggests that the child has lost their innocence and father's trust. The loss of innocence most certainly represents universal human experiences. Furthermore, Harper Lee displays the maturation in Scout from the beginning of the book to the end. At the beginning of the novel, scout is immature and rude.This is shown as scout fights Walter Cunningham for the reason of â€Å"not having his lunch†. When Scout says, â€Å"Who in this town did anything to help Tom Robinson, just who? † she shows signs of maturation in her ability to understand the issue of racism. Towards the end of the novel, though Scout is still a child, her perspectives on life develop onto a near grown up and this replicates the experiences faced by all humans. Gwen Harwood's Father and Child also shows maturation of the persona through the changes in relationships with her father.With many allusions of nature, Harwood constructs a dynamic backdrop which allow you to realise the subtle shifts in the child's personality. The theme of maturation is one which is presented in the bildungsroman genre to reflect on universal human experiences. As we can gather from the texts; To kill a Mockingbird and Father and Child, the use of bildungsroman genre appeals in its ability to capture universal human experiences. The themes of loss of innocence and maturation depict the universal human experiences in the two texts and reflect on this statement.

Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice

Running head: APPLYING ETHICAL FRAMEWORKS IN PRACTICE Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice Grand Canyon University Ethical Decision Making in Health Care NRS-437v April 14, 2013 Applying Ethical Frameworks in Practice As a nurse it is common knowledge that patient confidentiality is of up most importance. We learn this in nursing school as it is part of the Nursing Code of Ethics and it is a nurse’s duty to keep patient information confidential. (American Nurses Association, 2012).There are however, extenuating circumstances that may require and be appropriate for a nurse to break this rule. As a matter of fact, the nurse could be held responsible if harm came to the patient because she did not speak out. If a patient presents to the ER because he needs stitches in his wrist and tells the nurse that he wants to or was attempting suicide the nurse has a duty to report this and find help for the patient, or possibly the spread of sexually transmitted diseases that are require d by law to report.This paper will provide an overview of ethical implications of a breach of confidentiality, an ethical theory, and alternatives to breaching confidentiality using the framework of ethical decision making and the use and role of an ethics committee. Nurses are entrusted with very private information from patients and along with this the patient expects and the law requires this to be kept confidential The patient gives this information assuming and trusting that the information will be kept private and only used for medical treatment.A breach of confidentiality comes in when the patients’ information has been disclosed to a third party that is not directly involved in the patients care or given without appropriate consent from the patient. (American Medical Association, 2013). Confidentiality should always be maintained except in cases that the law requires reporting or where more harm may come to the patient by respecting this commitment. Some ethical impli cations that may arise as part of breaching patient confidentiality include loosing the trust and respect of our patient and you may cause increased harm to your patient by providing information to a third party that is not required by law. In an article â€Å"Bioethics on NBC’s ER: Betraying Trust or Providing Good Care? When is it OK to Break Confidentiality? † The nurse caused more harm than good by divulging information to the girls’ school. If she would have called the school informing them of knowledge regarding risky and potentially harmful behavior it would have made it ethical. However, the appropriate action was action was taken in the decision to notify the girl’s parents about the cervical cancer.This prevented further harm or death to the child. In this circumstance the ethical theory that would be appropriate is utilitarianism. In utilitarianism, balance is the key. The majority should benefit using this theory. (Purtilo & Doherty, 2011). In this case if the nurse had chosen not to inform the minor child’s parent more harm would have came to the child than good. She may not have received the appropriate care for her condition until it was too late and the cancer had spread.In breaching the confidentiality the nurse created a balance by preventing further harm than necessary to her patient even though she broke the trust that her patient had in the nurse. The nurse however, did not cause a balance that worked towards a greater good when she called the girls school and notified them about the sex parties. She could have let the girl remain anonymous and that would have prevented the majority of the problem. In the nurses attempt to prevent further harm to other children, she actually put her original patient at greater risk by notifying the school and divulging too much information.Using Uustals model of ethical decision making one can find the steps to make ethical and moral decisions to dilemmas that may arise ( Grand Canyon University, 2013). In step one this is where the problem is recognized. The problem in the previously discussed case was that the nurse fought herself on whether or not to disclose the information to the girls parents regarding the cervical cancer diagnosis and on whether or not she should inform the school regarding the sex parties taking place. In the second step the nurse had to identify her own person values as they pertained to the problem at hand.In this case she respected the minors rights but knew not telling would cause further harm and she felt like informing the school could also prevent further spread of STD’s to other students. In the third step the nurse must consider the factors that relate to the problem at hand and consider alternatives to resolve the dilemma. In this situation the factors are breaching confidentiality or protecting the patient from further harm by keeping the information confidential and the patient not being able to receive app ropriate treatment for cancer.Alternatives would have been for the nurse to educate the patient on the importance of getting treatment and possible assisting the patient in informing her parents and the other would have been for the nurse to report to the school that she had knowledge of the sex parties and keeping the names confidential. The fourth step would have been for this nurse to review and categorize the alternatives to come to a conclusion of the alternatives and to decide what is consistent or inconsistent with her own person values.If the patient had been given the option of telling her parents herself this would have been consistent with the nurses values as long as the parents were informed and the patient received appropriate care. Not telling the parents was inconsistent with her values. The fifth step is predicting possible outcomes. If the patients informed her own parents confidentiality would not be breached, therefore; no harm would be caused to the nurse patien t relationship.The sixth step is to find appropriate alternatives from the greatest importance to the least. In this case the patient could have been given the option of informing her own parent and the least desirable option was the nurse telling the parents without the patient’s knowledge. The seventh step is developing an action plan. After giving the minor the option to inform her own parents and she still decided not to tell then the nurse should take actions in her own hands and inform the parents to prevent further harm to the patient.The eighth step is implementation. The plan should have been for the nurse to educate the patient and assist her in telling the patients parents regarding her new diagnosis. The final step is evaluate the action plan. Confidentiality was breached when informing the patients parents but to prevent further harm, however; the school did not need to be given names the nurse should have simply notified the school of her knowledge. There are et hics committees in place to assist with situations such as this.These committees are in place and help support patients rights, and assist clinicians with decision making. They assist with promoting ethical decisions amongst health care providers. These committees review medical records and hold meeting to determine case specific information and communicate between healthcare providers and families at time. The committee will write recommendations based on case information regarding any ethical dilemma that may have arisen during the patients care. (Pearlman, 2010).Many ethical dilemmas will arise during a nurse’s career. Being equipped and knowledgeable in resolving the dilemma is important. It is important to remember that breaching patient confidentiality is against the Nursing Code of Ethics and should be avoided if possible. However, there are times that a nurse is legally liable to make a breach in confidentiality. This type of dilemma should be resolved by causing the least amount of harm to our patients. (Purtilo, 2010) References American Nurses Association (2012). Code of Ethics For Nurses with Interpretive Statements. , retrieved April 2013. , http://nursingworld. org Pearlman, R. A. (2010). Ethics Committees and Ethics Consultation. In (pp. -). University of Washington School of Medicine. , retrieved, April 2013. , http://depts.. washington. edu/bioethics/topics/ethics. html Purtilo, R. & Doherty,R. (2011). . In Ethical Dimensions in the Health Professions (p. ). , retrieved, April 2013. , http://pageburst. elsevier. com/books/978-4377-0896-7/outline/Root

Management Term Paper on Decision-making Principles

Management on Decision-making Principles - Term Paper Example The New York Times also revealed that the space agencies are worried for the catastrophic shuttle accidents that took place in this decade. It has become a threat for the aeronautics and space research sector. The agencies are estimating the catastrophic failure in fiery gradient to the orbit at 1 in 78. An accident of such a stature would destroy the shuttle and kill the astronauts as well. The most risky period in the flight is the ascent, as during this time the engines run at a hazardously high speed, pressure and temperature. The risk of such grim accidents is high despite the three successful flights even after the Challenger disaster. Risk is a major policy issue that NASA needs to consider for their risk management programs. NASA has already proposed a $25 billion worth of space station for transporting the materials and the astronauts on the shuttle and also for the maintenance work, but the risks associated with the programs still prevails (Broad, 1989). Bloomberg revealed that NASA is planning to launch its most expensive and ambitious Mars mission. This also would not be easy because the complicated design of the rover is very risky and it has been termed as â€Å"seven minutes of terror†, as it takes about 13,000 mph to complete stop. So this is another risky venture of NASA, which is in the process. The latest estimates of risk of NASA suggest that shuttle accidents are likely to occur even before the space station is completed. It is said that if any other incidents or accidents take place after this, it would cripple the space program and the ambitious projects which NASA is planning in near future (Chang, 2012). For funding the space programs NASA has to keep its audience interested in their programs. The company compares its economic and political... The study was designed keeping in mind the management principles that are required for the decision process to reduce various organizational risks. The solution might differ from organization to organization, but the strategic framework or motives are more or less similar. Here the example of NASA has been chosen to capture few decision-making models which they utilize to avert the disasters that are occurring frequently with their space shuttle. These disasters not only result in loss of life, but also wastage of funds and useful resources. The newspaper articles have been referred to, for highlighting the disasters that took place in NASA with relation to their space shuttle. The lives of the astronauts were scarified and government generated funds for such significant and expensive missions were wasted. In the statement of principle the triple risk model of NASA has been explained, along with the RIDM process, which is the decision-making model followed by NASA. It consist of risk analysis, environment analysis and performance management. These models work on the seven principles, based on the theories of strategic management. Though NASA’s projects are designed based on these decision-making models and the principles stated above, but disasters happen due to negligence, which can be only eradicated if the space managers follow the principles of management set within the organization.

Patient verification Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Patient verification - Research Paper Example Alternatively, the patient can physically present a document of identification like a driver’s license or social security card. These credentials or documents locate a stored biometric template usually linked to it from a previous enrollment. After provision of the credential or document, the patient scans his or her biometric. The captured template gets compared against the stored template which has been located with the documents. After this, what follows is the confirmation or denial of the patient’s claimed identity by the biometric scan which gets supported by verbal confirmation to an identification name. The main area where patient misidentification may occur is during blood transfusions, surgical interventions and drug administration. Patient verification occurs when a healthcare worker can confirm that the identity documents given by the patient match those on the patient’s identity documents. Statistics Recent statistics show that there have been forty percent cases of patient misidentification. In the entire healthcare industry, lack of proper patient verification results in the wrong person procedures, discharge of infants to the wrong families, medication errors, testing errors and also blood transfusion errors. According to the United States Patient Safety Agency, there were more than 100 cases of patient misidentification between 2000 and 2003. ... This can be attributed to new technologies like bar coding that have improved the process of patient verification. Such interventions have proved to be quite cost effective in the healthcare industry. Implications Since patient misidentification has been noted to be the cause of many root errors, various measures have been taken to control the problem. The Joint Commission of the United States made improvement of patient identification accuracy its focus in the National Patient Safety Goals introduced in 2003 (Marie, 2009). This still continues to be a requirement for accreditation. The National Priorities Partnership and National database of nursing quality indicators show that patient misidentification poses as one of the most serious risks to the safety of patients. It cuts across the entire healthcare practice and, therefore, is an issue of major concern. The implication of patient misidentification is that thousands of people get injured by the health system the seek help. This increases the need for limiting working hours for health care members whereby an increased number of workers care for each patient (WHO, 2007). The National Patient Safety Agency decided to incorporate the NHS number in order to reduce and possibly mitigate the risks of patient misidentification. Enhancing quality There are various ways that enhance quality concerning patient verification. This can get done by ensuring that all aspects of the management of patient verification comply with the existing recommendations from the National Safety Agency. There must be clear procedures and standards for healthcare workers involved in patient verification (Medscape, 2013). These standards provide a framework for the required work ethics and, therefore, mitigate the risk of

Development of modern educational system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Development of modern educational system - Essay Example But I decided to help him out. He knows he is smart enough to even beat others. He worked so hard at reading, but it just never gets easier. Astutely observing his tribulations, his problem came out as 'Dyslexia'. Dyslexia is a brain-based type of learning disability that specifically impairs a person's ability to read. [cite this] Dyslexic children seem to have trouble learning early reading skills, problems hearing individual sounds in words or phrases, examining whole words or sentences in parts, and amalgamating sounds into words. Sometimes they may not differentiate between the letters "b" and "d". The words and sentences seem to them as if they are mingling together or overlapping each other or even moving on the page. It can also be innate in some families; even a number of genes may develop dyslexia. These students are easily being teased, even neglected in social or educational institutions. Though some may have remarkable talents in art, athletics, architecture, graphics, d rama, music, or engineering but they do not realize because of their shyness [cite this]. The vital thing is to help these children in muddling through and providing 'inclusive' education to all schools and colleges. Baroness Warnock (2005) advocated the idea of 'inclusive' education and schools by transferring the students, with special needs, to mainstream schools from special educational institutions. The questionnaires design... The questionnaires designed to scrutinize analysis are very accommodating and helpful to get awareness of their approaches to learn, for the students as well as teachers. Sufficient rigorous ways for setting the more quantitative outcome are obligatory and reliable ascriptions made to the intrusions. Changes found could provoke the factors, such as incentive-ness, self-esteem, sense of worth, and concentration by teachers and it is important to control for as many (Martimore, 2005). So many arguments and actions in the area of 'inclusion' have been focused on altering mainstream schools to comprise pupils who have restrained learning difficulties or any disabilities. The focal point is clearly on learning obscurities as being at the interface between the pupil, teacher and curriculum. Individual program plans should never be taught in isolation [needs citation]. It is a fact that these children will be there and that they are entitled to our attention and the same standard of education as any other child in a class. Challenging behavior can be viewed as an annoyance and source of irritation in the classroom, or as an opportunity to develop new skills and understandings about teaching and learning. 'If a child does not learn the way you teach then teach him the way he learns.' (Chasty, 1999) Some of the main hindrances in achieving inclusive education system were the stringency present in the current education system. The SENCo-Forum, Special Educational Needs Action Programme, mentioned some of the rigidities in achieving inclusive system in educational environments (NASEN, 2004). Inclusive education needs the expert staff levels to meet the

PORTFOLIO ASSIGNMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

PORTFOLIO ASSIGNMENT - Essay Example The article defines the adolescent depression as a disorder that affects teenagers. According to the author, such a disorder mostly leads to sadness, a loss of self-worth and interest in the activities and discouragement. It further elaborates the different causes and symptoms of depression in teens. Some of these symptoms are loss of but sometimes an increase in appetite, loss of concentration, decision making, fatigue, feeling upset, restless, and irritable, worthless, hopeless, self-hatred, thinking or talking about suicide or death and trouble sleeping. If the behavior of a teenager changes for more than the period of two weeks, then it is also considered as a symptom of depression. True depression in teens in most of the cases is difficult to diagnose, therefore the author emphasizes to gather the information from friend and family members to identify depression in teenagers. This article doesn’t only throw light on the medication and therapy for treating the depression b ut it also considers the possible complications and prevention techniques. (Berger) Depression can be a response to many situations factors and stresses. However, the author argues that in teenagers, depressed mood is common because of the normal process of maturing, the influence of sex hormones and independence or more freedom conflicts with parents. It may be cause of death of a friend or relative, a breakup with a boyfriend or girlfriend and failure or poor grades at school. The author considers two mains factors that contribute to the depression in teens, the hormones and social pressures. By explaining the biological and hormonal causes of the problem, the article takes into account the epigenetic approach and by throwing light on the school performance and environmental stress the author takes a socio-cultural approach to this problem. However, the author did not approach this problem on the basis of other theories

Critical Reflection Pieces Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical Reflection Pieces - Essay Example Good theories predict the unknown. After reading the Cybernetic in the Dialectic between Science and Design, it was realized that the perspective of the designers and the scientists was different. The Scientists based their arguments on observations, while the designers based their arguments on innovations. The designers created something that is yet to be observed and measured. Additionally, the scientists celebrated the aspect of generalization for instance on abstract theories, the designers on the other hand proposed artifacts that must result to operating in their details rather than their abstract. Reflecting on the content of the paper, the scientists insisted on the causal explanations. They excluded themselves from the causes of phenomena that they explored. The designers intended to cause something out of their own actions. The contrast between the designers and the scientists was evident. For this reason, the author adopted a less philosophical commitment in defining the term cybernetics. Based on his defi nition, he termed it as study of the possible systems, which resides on what that cannot be build or evolved in nature. Therefore, majority of the authors work is characterized as exploring the difference between innovation and observation (Krippendorff, 2007). After reading the 2nd order Cybernetics and Human-Centeredness, it can be reflected that the section only mentioned artifacts but not objects. The artifacts arose in the coordination of sensory motor as they are developed by those accounted and involved for their deeds under conditions with reliable interactions. For this reason, what people normally call objects can also be artifacts because they are also crafted skillfully. Artifacts might come from designing a material through recognition and in interfaces, which can be differentiated based on their interactivity. According to their interactions, it can be said that the meaning are less subjective.

How to Live Our Lives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How to Live Our Lives - Essay Example In short, bear in mind that everything in this world is connected no matter how distant they may seem to be. And this life that we call, is in fact just a journey, probably a way to be better so make the most of each day to become better. Thich Nhat Hanh talked about karma, the process of living and dying. So it is a given that eventually, all will die. This is the natural order of things that we need to accept and need not to get depressed permanently. True, as human beings, we feel sorrow. They say, don’t make life complicated because the path on how to live a life is already spelled out. First, think that everything is connected and that death is part of life. Accept that all will eventually die and that we do not have to be grievously depressed on it. Instead, spend more time to be happy. But to be happy, we have to be healthy within our body and environment. So eat right and live the kind of life that will make you happy. We like to eat fast foods and drink soda. We reduced play to video games and no longer exercise. If we want to live a happy life, it is essential that we have first to be healthy. And to be healthy meant eating right and exercising. Eating right does not even mean eating less delicious foods. In fact it is eating the good foods such as fruits and vegetables. This is illustrated by Michael Pollan in his book The Omnivore’s dilemma: a natural history of four meals where he described that the source of our food is becoming a factory and is no longer grown the way it used to be. Worst, industrial farm factory and the use of GMOs are even packaged to be a better food source than organic farming (Pollan 15). So do not be surprised if many of us are getting fatter and sicker because many of us are lead to believe that the GMO foods are better than the natural food. And being

The Treaty of Versailles Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The Treaty of Versailles - Research Paper Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that the Four long years into the Great War had left the world stranded in a state of disarray. It was no surprise that news of a ceasefire between the Allies and the Central Powers came like a delightful echo and spread all over the world. War stir people celebrated in the streets with all their emotions. The black clouds of war were finally starting to disperse proclaiming a new era of peace. But a lot more was to be done to ensure the progression of current state of tranquility. Many delegates from over 36 nations gathered in Paris in January 1919 merely two months after the cease fire to canvas a plan for post war negotiations. Top four delegates of the Paris Peace Conference- David George Lloyd of Great Britain, Woodrow Wilson of United States, Georges Clemenceau of France and Vittorio Orlando of Italy had a huge task ahead of them. Mission was to lay down terms regarding some of the most sensitive issues of territory, finance and redist ribution of map in front of the Germans and their allies. Big four, as they were called, had an additional work of negotiating and signing treaties with many nations including Berlin’s wartime allies and Turkey. But their most important settlement and by far the most famous treaty of Versailles was signed with the Germans. The twentieth century historiography was enduringly marked by the peace treaty of 1919 known as the Treaty of Versailles. The treaty of Versailles was a failure not only due to the fact that it had numerous inherent weaknesses but also because it paved way for renewed hostilities. The vindictiveness of British and French peace terms were not only silly but also imposed a humiliating punitive peace on Germany after World War I.2 The treaty for constructed for the purpose of ensuring peace but, ironically, the Treaty of Versailles sowed the seeds of World War II by exerting a negative impact on Germany, ruining it politically and economically and imposing a à ¢â‚¬Å"dictated peace†. The harsh punitive peace exerted by the treaty supported the rise of the Nazis and resulted in the Third Reich, which inevitably led to the volcanic eruption in the form of World War II. Bloody yet Fruitful Wars: Each of the three great wars fought in the last century concluded with renewed hopes of transcending ancient rivalries of states and transforming them into cordial ties ensuring mutual benefits. World War I culminated in the formation of fourteen points and the League of Nations while World War II introduced the world to the United Nations and the principles of the Atlantic Charter. The end of Cold War in 1989 resulted in the breaching of the Berlin War and crumbled the communist bloc. The aroma of a heady promise of liberation engulfed the world soon after the end of the Cold War. It is quite fascinating to recall and ponder over the cumulative reasons which forced the rivals to fight for their rights. This paper highlights various aspects invo lved in the construction of The Treaty of Versailles, its impact on Germany, inherent weaknesses and their contribution in renewing hostilities.3 The failure: The treaty of Versailles failed to smother conflicts and brought neither peace nor resolution. Despite great expectations, the peace terms were not able to ensure and maintain a lasting peace. The treaty defied the principles of democracy, self determination and collective security and was a perfect example of French and British cruelty disguised in the name of peace terms. The failure of The Treaty forced Germany to seek economic revisionism. The Unjust Victorious Powers: The delegates of victorious powers met in 1919 in Paris to formulate a peace treaty in an effort to minimize the changes of future hostilities. As expected, the defeated powers were not allowed to have a say in construction of the treaties and their role was only limited to obliging by the clauses of the peace terms and signing them once they were ready. The Paris Peace Conference was dominated by three prominent figures: US President

Descriptive Ethnography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Descriptive Ethnography - Essay Example The Hispanics as demonstrated by the young Hispanic female emphasize on respect on all their forms of communication and rarely initiate conversations since they prefer to be approached. Mostly, the Hispanics interpret eye contact as a more confrontational body language and further considers that being ignored is as a sign of disrespect and offensive. The Hispanics do avoid too much gesturing and insist on maintaining an accepting attitude. The Hispanics are never contented with some questions such as questions concerning immigration status and religion and are seen to be very expressive in communication. Majority of Hispanics are Roman Catholic which acts as the main source for both information and are also known to be people who are very proud of their heritage hence do not forget their origin (Roll & Irwin, 2008). A young Hispanic female around 19-20 talks on her cell phone while walking towards the cafeteria and is wearing a red jacket with SF 49’ers logo in the back. She m ust be a 49’ers fan or maybe because of the hotness of the 49’ers hence suggesting her love for hot things. The Hispanic girl wears big round gold earrings and has her nails painted red and well kept. She loves herself so much and adores elegance and fashion as the Hispanic culture explains. She looks fashionable and elegance as she puts her black backpack on her left shoulder. The backpack looks empty hence suggesting her love for stylishness. She wears blue jeans that look like the fancy type due to its washed out color and a logo. that is not recognizable. Her full tan purse on her right shoulder looks fuller than her backpack may be to show her adoption to the current trends and fashion of carrying purse. The purse may be carrying her make ups that ensure she looks beautiful all the time and anywhere. She walks so fast but she is not in a hurry maybe because of her fear for eyes and the fact that Hispanic culture does not recognize much the female gender. She must be hurrying to get away from the possible onlookers or admirers who may get a glimpse of her. She wears a smile on her face with her head rocking front and back perhaps to gain confidence. She does not seem to be having enough confidence especially when she is amidst many people. She does not seem to care about what happens around her as she hurriedly disappears into the cafeteria without looking sideways (Roll & Irwin, 2008). The patterns of communication amongst the African Americans are mostly familiar with Anglo American patterns. The African Americans are largely affected by the past incidents of racism and sense of subjection in their interactions thus making them show respect at all times while communicating. This group of people believe in a prolonged eye contact which is always seen as confrontational or aggressive and would mostly seek assistance from the religious leaders if need arose (Pinn, Finley & Alexander, 2009). The African Americans do not address people by their first names which are construed as lack of respect but may use the first names if they are urged to do so. This group of pe

Ethical and Socially Responsive Business Essay Example for Free

Ethical and Socially Responsive Business Essay Describe key areas of the selected company’s code of conduct that are of significant importance to the business, and explain why. The first question we should ask ourselves â€Å"what is ethics?† I think ethics are a collection of principles and practices that a business believes in, statements and more specific policies about conduct to give employees, partners, vendors, and outsiders an idea of what the corporation stands for and how it’s staff should conduct themselves . The Cheesecake Factory was established in the 1940s by Oscar and Evelyn Overton. In 1972 they open their first business store to Los Angeles, CA known as the Cheesecake Factory. Now The Cheesecake Factory has over 170 locations around the world. Having such a large corporation like Cheesecake Factory brings a lot of ethical and business problems when it comes to having such a large stores and staff. We should always remember that everyone has their own set of moral ethics that they live by at tend to take those same ethics to the work place. When writing a code of ethics it is important that these will cover every staff member from the top of the corporation to the lowest lever employee. Key areas that are of significant importance to The Cheesecake Factory start with the general standards of conduct in how all its employees will be treated by fellow employees and by management. The standards deals the basic values that we all have, with the expectation of building trust, loyalty, honesty, respect, and a high level of professionalism within the company. The cheesecake Factory has an established code of ethical conduct that is an essential factor in maintaining a proper balance in the human aspect of ethics and the link to the business success. Corporate leaders and managements need to be careful about their behaviors and how they make important decisions. Although all areas of the Cheesecake Factory’s code of ethical conduct is important for the success of the company, there are a few key areas of the company’s code of ethical conduct that are of significant importance for The Cheesecake Factory. 1-The first occurs in Article IV, in the â€Å"Conflicts of Interest,† section that pertains to transactions and investments. This specifically states that an officer or a director† should avoid participating in any transaction or investment that conflicts with, or gives the appearance of a conflict with, the interest of the company.†(Reference 1) This is key in maintaining ethics because a person who is in a leadership / management positions must be loyal to only their organization; otherwise, all decisions that are made and act are suspect as to the integrity of the choice, especially concerning money matters. 2- A second key area of The Cheesecake Factory’s code of ethical conduct that is of significant importance is in Article V, in the â€Å"Compliance with Company Policies and Procedures,† section that pertains to confidential information. It is very important and essential for the success of any company and business especially, the confidentiality of information, especially for third parties, be maintained. This leads to another key area that is also in Article V of the company’s code of ethical conduct. In the section that pertains to insider trading. In the section that deals with prohibiting insider trading it states that, â€Å"An officer or director shall observe the Company’s policy prohibiting trading on the basis of material, non-public information.†(Reference 1) 2.Explain the key steps that the company should take to ensure that employees follow the code of conduct. There are some key steps that a company can take in order to ensure the employees follow the code of conduct. 1-The Cheesecake Factory should have a â€Å"compliance department† that handles all disputes and investigations regarding violations of the code of conduct. This specific department at Cheesecake Factory should have designated employees that govern the entire company’s employees and handle any issues that arise. 2-The Cheesecake Factory can  take to ensure the employees follow the code of conduct is to have each employee sign and date, the code of conduct when they hired and give it to the employee a copy and keep another copy in the employee files. This makes it possible for the employee and the company to be on the same page from the beginning of the working relationship. This process can repeat every year for the existing employees to follow the code of conduct. 3-The Cheesecake Factory can take to ensure the employees follow the code of conduct is complete mandatory â€Å" Business ethics† training videos for new and existing employees every year. These videos make sure reminder of all employees’ business ethics and code of conduct. 3. Suggest three (3) ways in which the restaurant can engage in socially responsive activities in the community within which it operates The Cheesecake Factory can engage many socially responsive activities in the local community. 1-The Cheesecake Factory can donate foods to local food banks, soup kitchens and homeless shelters. Restaurants always have extra food that does not used for any reasons or left over foods. As a respectful company being able to donate fresh food to shelters and feeding someone who is unable to have a meal, would be wonderful social responsive project and activity. 2-The Cheesecake Factory could engage in socially responsive activities in the community would be to help raise money for a local non-profit organizations, charities, children hospitals or cancer associates. This could be done by donating money, ask costumers to participate or fund rising which will show that the company is giving back to the local community in which it is a part. 3- The Cheesecake Factory could engage in socially responsive activities in the community would be to offer free meals to shelters for specified holidays, such as Thanksgiving and Christmas. 4- Also Cheesecake Factory could run campaign for â€Å"Local Food Drive† to contribute as a company and ask their costumers donate dry and canned foods to reach local families who needs help .This is one of excellent way of giving back to the local community. References: 1. (March 16, 2004) The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated. Amended and Restated Code of Ethics for Executive Officers, Senior Financial Officers, and Directors. Retrieved from: http://investors.thecheesecakefactory.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=109258p=irol-govconduct. 2. (January 2001) C.B. And R.L. â€Å"The Legal Environment of Business: Text and Cases: Ethical Regulatory, Global, and Corporate Issues.† Cengage Learning, 8th edition. 3. (January 2012) Ferrell, O.C. And John Fraedrich. â€Å"Business Ethics: Ethical Decision Making Cases.† Cengage Learning, 9th edition.

Pure Enantiomers of Phenylethylamine Mixture

Pure Enantiomers of Phenylethylamine Mixture Introduction The purpose of this laboratory was to resolve the pure enantiomers of ( ±)-ÃŽ ±-phenylethylamine (racemic) mixture, by separating their diasteriomeric derivatives using (+)-tartaric acid. The differing enantiomers form different salts with acids. Two molecules that are enantiomers have nearly identical physical and chemical properties although this may be true, the salts that are formed after the reaction with acid have distinct properties. Some salts are less soluble [(+)(-)] than others, and therefore crystallize from the mixture in a nearly pure stereoisomeric form. When using NaOH as a strong base to treat the salt, it allows for the isolation of the enantiomer (Lab Manual, 2007). Polarimetry is a common method used to distinguish between enantiomers, based on their ability to rotate the plane of polarized light in opposite directions (+ and -). This allows the observer to determine the enantiomeric purity, and therefore the composition of the mixture (Wade, 2007 Chemical Reaction: (-)-amine (+)-amine less soluble salt [(-)(+)]: crystallizes more soluble salt [(+)(+)] remains in solution 2NaOH + 2H2O (-)-ÃŽ ±-phenylethylamine (Lab Manual, 2007) Procedure: Instead of using a 50 mL beaker to boil the amine solution in, we used a 50 mL Erlenmyer flask For the rest of the proceduce refer to pg. 18, 22-24 (Lab Manual, 2007) Observations: The crystals were given a 4 week crystallization period and afterward, the (-)-ÃŽ ±-phenylethylamine- (+)-hydrogen tartrate salt was observed to be a white crystalline solid, and the methanol was a transparent liquid. Two very distinct layers were visible following the reaction with the NaOH (strong base) and addition of the methylene chloride (CH2Cl2). The top layer was translucent in some places and opaque in others, very cloudy, white liquid, while the bottom layer was transparent and also liquid. The resultant mixture following the three separate extractions was close to transparent Discussion: When the (+)-tartaric acid was added to the racemic mixture, ( ±)-ÃŽ ±-phenylethylamine, (-)-amine-(+)-hydrogen tartrate, and (+)-amine-(+)-hydrogen tartrate salts were formed. The (-)-amine-(+)-hydrogen tartrate was much less soluble in methanol, and therefore crystallized out of the solution (Lab Manual, 2007). This method of separation was proven to be quite successful, as the percent yield of this crystallization was 73.1 %, which is relatively high. The presence of impurities, as well as the inability to completely crystallize the salt from methanol most likely attributed to any discrepancies. It is also possible that although the (-)(+) salt is less soluble than the other salts, it still has some sort of solubility, and therefore crystallizes rather slowly (hence the mandatory 2 week waiting period, in our case it was 4 weeks). As well, the other salts, despite their high solubility in methanol, may have still crystallized very slightly over the long waiting period, adding to impurities Addition of NaOH resulted in the formation of two distinct layers: a white, cloudy aqueous layer (top), and a clear amine layer (bottom), and allowed for the isolation of (-)-ÃŽ ±-phenylethylamine (Lab Manual, 2007). The addition of 5 mL of water to the flask confirm that the top layer was the aqueous layer, since it increased relative to the bottom layer and the water was absorbed here (Lab Manual, 2007). The aqueous layer consisted of the (-)-amine, along with sodium tartrate, and water, while the amine layer included any impurities. The sodium tartrate readily dissolved in water, while methylene chloride (CH2Cl2) was added to dissolve (-)-ÃŽ ±-phenylethylamine (boiling point ~ 186oC), since it had a lower boiling point (40oC), and could easily be removed through heating (Synthesis and resolution of alpha-phenyethylamine. After a filtration process, including a series of extractions, there was percentage yield of 61.3% for the (-)-ÃŽ ±-phenylethylamine, which is a lower yield than the original 73.1 %, indicating that there was a loss of amine during the second part of the experimental procedure. The main cause of this error was the accidental disposal of much of the amine layer, in which a small amount of (-)-ÃŽ ±-phenylethylamine was still present. The presence of some impurities may have also affected results, however, they would have instead increased the yield and lead to misleading results. Another possible cause of error is the slight leakage out of the glass stopper on the separatory funnel when the solution was shaken. There was a bit of solution that leaked out the bottom or squirted out the top when releasing the pressure in the funnel. Subsequently, the error that substantially lowered the yield of the product greatly increases the optical purity of the mixture. The observed rotation of the final sample was -31. 8o (levorotary, left hand rotation) and the specific rotation was -33.8o compared with the empirical specific rotation of -40.4o  ± 0.2o (Lab Manual, 2007). The resultant optical purity was 83.7%, which is considerably high. Aside from the previously mentioned disposal of the organic layer, numerous other errors, such as the presence of impurities may have contributed to deviations in the optical purity. The negative (counter clockwise) rotation essentially confirmed that the enantiomer being isolated was the (-)-ÃŽ ±-phenylethylamine, and the high optical purity demonstrated that the extraction was accomplished with much success and considerable accuracy, since the final product was mainly (-)-amine, despite the relatively low yield.

Canada: A contemporary biligual country

Canada: A contemporary biligual country Canada is one of the few countries in the world that is bilingual and is trying to stay that way. The government and its people have tried to give both languages equal status, but hardships ensue. The countrys bilingualism has historical roots, but creates several problems in the society today. The first official government action to help support bilingualism was in 1867 with the British North America Act. This provided the use of English and French in the legislative and judicial branches of the government. It also made a provision for denominational schools, for the Protestant anglophones and Catholic francophones were harboring unrest between each other. The next step was the Manitoba Act in 1870, which made French the official language in Quebec and Manitoba, but left out the French-speaking populations of Ontario and New Brunswick. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries legislation restricted French language education in the country and virtually eliminated it in the provinces and outside of Quebec. This created major unrest between the anglophone and francophone communities and further bipolarized the issue. The unrest continued until 1963 when the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism was established, whose official duty was to settle the language dis putes. The main recommendations were to offer public services in both languages in places where the minority language communities were large. Also, the Commission advocated that French become a language of work in the federal administration and that government documents should be provided in both languages. In 1969 the Official Languages Act was passed that became the cornerstone of institutional bilingualism. It stated that in Parliament and public service both languages had to be equally used. This also included all federal departments. In 1982 the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms was passed which included further constitutional rights for both official languages. It also provided for the provinces and territories to set up schools for official language minorities. The Official Languages Act was passed again in 1988 when it was revised to include encouragement and financial aid to provincial governments from Ottawa. The success of bilingualism in the country depended largely on the provinces and how willing they were to implement these rules. In 1969 New Brunswick enacted its own Official Languages Act and became the first truly bilingual province. Ontario has been expanding its use of French in the local government where the majority of Franco-Ontarians live. Manitoba is moving to translate its statutes into French for the benefit of its francophone population. Quebec has recognized French as its official language since 1974. It is bilingual at the constitutional and federal level, but gives greater status to French at the provincial level[1].   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The 20th and 21st centuries have brought many changes to the bilingual policies in Canada. Legislation was passed to ensure official-language minority communities the rights to set-up and run their own schools and education programs. Also, the government has provided funds for second language instruction in both official languages in all the provinces and territories, giving large minority groups the chance to learn their official mother-tongue in schools. Another education program to support bilingualism is the French immersion program. This is provided for anglophone students mostly. The majority of classes the students take are taught in French starting from kindergarten or the first grade (early immersion) or junior high school (late immersion).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Bilingualism has been the nest of much unrest between the anglophone and francophone communities for a long time. These two groups of peoples have a long history of struggle for territories and human rights. The anglophone community had always been in the majority and tended to dominate over the francophone community. This caused the French-speaking people to rebel against all English government policies and political ideas. Unfortunately there wasnt a very strong resistance because they lacked strong leaders and the Catholic Church in that area was not strong enough to unite the people. In the 1860s the francophone community started to gain strength by gathering to form a strong political party, the Conservative Party. This helped them gain grounds for social and cultural gains. When the province of Quebec was created they gained even greater strength. There the francophone community took steps to ensure that the English-speaking community would not be able to cr eate a British Canadian national state. Quebec and the central government clashed on all major political issues in the 20th century. This led to the Quiet Revolution in the 1960s. A strong nationalist movement swept through Quebec and helped reshape the francophone communities place in Canadas government. It was then that the idea of secession first rose. Although the government took steps to settle with Quebec over this issue and to better integrate French into the whole countrys federal system, this remains a highly controversial topic[2].   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Today several issues have risen in connection with the governments bilingual policy. Although Canada has two official languages, English and French, there are still struggles to implement the equal use of them within the country. This is primarily because of unequal use of the languages among the population. According to the 2006 census, 67% of the population claims English as its mother-tongue while only 21% claims French as their mother-tongue. The remaining 12% claims a third language to be their mother-tongue, suggesting a large community of immigrants within the country (this includes the Aboriginal languages. Even so, this census has shown Chinese to be the third largest language in Canada, reported by 3% of the population claiming it as their mother-tongue.) Both anglophone and francophone populations have decreased over a 10 year period, 2% for the former and 1.4% for the latter. Within Quebec the francophone population still has a majority, 82%. The anglo phone community is at about 10.6% in the province with the remaining 7.4% being immigrants[3].   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  These statistics create hardships for the government to uphold bilingual policies. Although politicians would like to enforce the idea of a common bilingual community, the reality looks more like the creation of two separate linguistic communities one based in Quebec, the other in the rest of Canada. While the first vision considers Canada as one country, the second sees the center of the Canadian heartland in Quebec. This latter is the main political drive of the politics of Quebec. The politicians of Quebec would like to create a unique French community within the province to uphold the rights and culture of the French-speaking community. This belief has its extreme version, the Parti Quà ©bà ©cois, who believe that Quebec should seek political independence from Canada to be able to wholly focus on the French language and culture. This idea of secession today is in peril. One reason is that the young generation of Quebec does not feel the prejudice of the ang lophone population and has reached equal status within Quebec. This has quenched the sense of anger that fueled this idea up until now. The second reason is that Montreal had been the hotbed for the separatists, but it has become very multiethnic and bilingual. The separatist political parties, the Parti Quà ©bà ©cois and the Bloc Quà ©bà ©cois, were beaten in elections showing a decline in interest in the question of secession. In all cases, the debate of the secession of Quebec is not yet over and is still a much talked about issue today[4].   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Another major issue that concerns bilingualism in Canada is not the governments policies but the realization of them. Since the beginning of the 20th century there has been an increase in French Canadian participation in public services. In the 1970s all public service positions were redefined as English-speaking, French-speaking or bilingual. This helped French Canadians find employment in public services because most of them were already bilingual[5]. However there are still problems with the use of the French language in the government. Not all of the Supreme Court judges actually know French and this caused a problem recently in a case where the lawyer was francophone and made all his arguments in French. The judges were listening through interpreters, a practice that has since been banned. An extremely heated debate has recently emerged over the question of whether Supreme Court Justices should be bilingual and how much bilingualism adds to their competence[6 ].   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although Canada is considered an officially bilingual country historically, there are several issues that cause heated debates within the society. Hopefully one day both official languages will have an equal status in the lives of all Canadians. Works Cited Bilingualism (n.d.) In The Canadian Encyclopedia online. Retrieved from http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCEParams=A1ARTA0000740 Francophone-Anglophone Relations (n.d.) In The Canadian Encyclopedia online. Retrieved from http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCEParams=A1ARTA0003025 The Evolving Linguistic Portrait, 2006 Census, Statistics Canada online http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/census06/analysis/language/pdf/97-555-XIE2006001.pdf Quebec Separatism (n.d.) Globalsecurity.org; Military. Retrieved from http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/quebec.htm Makarenko, Jay (2007) Official Bilingualism in Canada: History and Debate. Retrieved fromv http://www.mapleleafweb.com/features/official-bilingualism-canada-history-and-debates Tibbetts, Janice (2010, May 2) Merits of making Supreme Court bilingual could be lost in translation. Camwest News Service. Retrieved from http://www.canada.com/life/Merits+making+Supreme+Court+bilingual+could+lost+translation/2977805/story.html

Autism And Savant Syndrome Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Autism And Savant Syndrome A little boy quietly sits in front of a piano, with his fingers poised over the bright white keys. His teacher, seated beside him on the bench, plays a complicated series of chords, filling the air with a beautiful melody. After a single hearing, the boy begins to play, perfectly reproducing the song he has just heard. As the last notes fade away, the boy sits still for a moment and then begins to rock gently back and forth, only stopping once the music begins again.... A genius. A prodigy. One might label this child as such after witnessing this type of performance, were it not for the little nuances of the situation: the rocking, the cold, unemotional expression on the boy's face, and his lack of response to the voices around him. Instead, this boy is diagnosed with Savant Syndrome, a disorder in which individuals with neurological developmental delays in socialization and communication (3) possess "astonishing islands of brilliance that stand in stark, markedly incongruous contrast to the over-all handicap" (6). From absolute pitch and chess playing skill to the card-counting talent popularized by Dustin Hoffman in Rain Man, savants may be developmentally delayed, but certainly posses a genius of sorts that is almost unmatchable. In this respect, I am fascinated by the biological and societal origins and significance of the existence of individuals with an IQ well below average who are capable of performing tasks about which some geniuses could o nly dream. The implications of these individuals are huge in terms of genetics, the nature of intelligence and the varying processes of thought present within humanity. I find that it is the presence of a "weakness" such as autism and its development... ...avant. WWW Sources 1)The Neurobiology of Infantile Autism http://www.mhsource.com/narsad/autism.jhtml?_requestid=60911 2)Autism Fact Sheet http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/autism/detail_autism.htm 3)Pervasive Developmental Disorder http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/pdd/pdd.htm 4)Autism and the Cerebellum http://www.autism.org/cerebel.html 5)Autism and the Limbic System http://www.autism.org/cerebel.html 6)The Savant Syndrome:Islands of Genius http://www.wisconsinmedicalsociety.org/savant/default.cfm 7)Autistic Savant http://www.wisconsinmedicalsociety.org/savant/default.cfm 8)Tune in, turn off http://www.newscientist.com/ns/19991009/tuneinturn.html 9)The Savant in All of Us http://www.saveachild.com/netnews/feb00resr.htm#Savant 10)Phenomenal Talent-The Autistic Kind http://www.nexus.edu.au/teachstud/gat/hendric1.htm

The Center for Disease Control and Bioterrorism Essay example -- Disea

The Center of Disease Control and Prevention has an emergency awareness and response page based off of a zombie apocalypse to help inform people on how they should be ready if a major emergency were to occur. The CDC has a range of research and information from heart disease to the worst, infectious, disease-causing agents. The CDC also shares information about how to prepare and what to do if a bioterrorism attack or pandemic were to occur. The Center of Disease and Control is a diversified government organization that has the main purpose of protecting the public against the serious threats of bioterrorism and dangerous pandemics. The Center of Disease Control and Prevention performs studies to acquire information about the health and wellness of the general public. Some of these studies include simple censuses that ask people about preexisting conditions, height, weight, age, and their family history and health. They also look to see how certain diseases affect a person’s body and how they can be dealt with. For example, the Center of Disease Control and Prevention would conduct studies of people in different age groups and family history hat already have heart disease. They then look to see if the cause of heart disease in the different age groups is influenced by any particular factors. They have found that the risk of heart disease is increased if a person has a genetic history of heart disease caused by hypercholesterolemia and by ingesting high fat foods, low exercise, and ingesting harmful products like alcohol or tobacco. The main fields that the CDC focuses these studies upon are Disease s and Conditions, Emergency Preparedness and Response, Environmental Health, Life Stages and Populations, Healthy Living, ... ...itannica. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Online                School Edition.Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, Inc., 2011. Web. 14  Nov.  2011.. "Heart Disease." Center of Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 16 Nov 2009. Web. 7 Dec 2011. . Lamb, Robert.   "10 Scariest Bioweapons"   26 August 2008.   HowStuffWorks.com.   07 December 2011. "Special Pathogen Branch." CDC. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 17 Jul 2009. Web. 9 Dec 2011. . "Vision, Mission, Core Values, and Pledge." CDC. Centers for Disease Control and                         Prevention , 11 Jan 2010. Web. 16 Nov 2011. . The Center for Disease Control and Bioterrorism Essay example -- Disea The Center of Disease Control and Prevention has an emergency awareness and response page based off of a zombie apocalypse to help inform people on how they should be ready if a major emergency were to occur. The CDC has a range of research and information from heart disease to the worst, infectious, disease-causing agents. The CDC also shares information about how to prepare and what to do if a bioterrorism attack or pandemic were to occur. The Center of Disease and Control is a diversified government organization that has the main purpose of protecting the public against the serious threats of bioterrorism and dangerous pandemics. The Center of Disease Control and Prevention performs studies to acquire information about the health and wellness of the general public. Some of these studies include simple censuses that ask people about preexisting conditions, height, weight, age, and their family history and health. They also look to see how certain diseases affect a person’s body and how they can be dealt with. For example, the Center of Disease Control and Prevention would conduct studies of people in different age groups and family history hat already have heart disease. They then look to see if the cause of heart disease in the different age groups is influenced by any particular factors. They have found that the risk of heart disease is increased if a person has a genetic history of heart disease caused by hypercholesterolemia and by ingesting high fat foods, low exercise, and ingesting harmful products like alcohol or tobacco. The main fields that the CDC focuses these studies upon are Disease s and Conditions, Emergency Preparedness and Response, Environmental Health, Life Stages and Populations, Healthy Living, ... ...itannica. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Online                School Edition.Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, Inc., 2011. Web. 14  Nov.  2011.. "Heart Disease." Center of Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 16 Nov 2009. Web. 7 Dec 2011. . Lamb, Robert.   "10 Scariest Bioweapons"   26 August 2008.   HowStuffWorks.com.   07 December 2011. "Special Pathogen Branch." CDC. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 17 Jul 2009. Web. 9 Dec 2011. . "Vision, Mission, Core Values, and Pledge." CDC. Centers for Disease Control and                         Prevention , 11 Jan 2010. Web. 16 Nov 2011. .

Article on How Teenagers Spend Their Free Time

What do teenagers do in their spare time? They are on Facebook! This is Bristol FollowWednesday, November 10, 2010 WHAT do we teenagers do in our spare time? Hang round by shops with our hoods up, knifes in pocket, shouting abuse and getting drunk? Yes, all those grown ups would like to think that but, we normally just go out to have fun – go to the cinema, shopping and places like that! Or we are on Facebook. We will spend our lives, sharing our lives, on Facebook. From posting pictures, writing statuses, and joining funny yet sometimes offensive groups or fan pages.But, have you ever thought, that maybe, you could get into heaps of trouble from those little comments? Facebook can get quite abusive. With us posting pictures, which, yes, aren't very modest of ourselves, with skimpy outfits, and slapped-on make-up. But the nasty comments, are where we draw the line. Consider this, once it's on there, will your digital footprint ever be erased? Imogen Rodgers, Lucy Perry, Bethan y Seymour, Year 9, St Bede's CAN Facebook fight to stay on our favourites or is it time to ignore the friend you don't like?It's most people's way of life – an addiction. With no less than 400 million active users Facebook is ranked the number one social networking site worldwide but with so many others, like Twitter, Bebo, MySpace, Flickr, Google buzz, Habbo, Friendster, the list is endless, Will Facebook keep its crown or will one of its enemies take over? At the moment 35 million Facebook users update their status each day, this shows how popular it is. The site's publicity and popularity levels are soaring, but over the past four years another site has had quite a bit of the spotlight too.Twitter was launched in 2006 and with its appeal of getting to hear what celebrities have to say directly from them and reading their every â€Å"tweet† it seemed like there was a new social fish in town. However, even though it may seem like Facebook is starting to slip away, no other site could take over from what stole our hearts first. Elsie Bradley, The City Academy, Bristol DO you have Facebook? Some people feel that entertainment is sitting in front of a computer and watching the lives of others dissolve into this new cyber life.How many times have you seen a message saying â€Å"I'm bored! â€Å"? They make me want to scream, â€Å"THEN GO AND DO SOMETHING ELSE! † But the truth is that our lives are now revolving around these social networking sites. Those who don't have such groups as Facebook are constantly under peer pressure to create an account and get sucked in. Especially if you don't have an account, you have no control whatsoever of what pictures of you are being pinned up on the internet.All those pictures that you thought your â€Å"friends† deleted – they're all up on Facebook. Sarah Orr, Amy McGrath, and Evie Gowie, Year 9, St Bede's I, LIKE many other people really enjoy going home and using the computer maybe to play games, send an email or go on Facebook but are we getting too addicted to Facebook? Do you really need to go on Facebook, when you have just spent a day at school talking to those people? Emily Shiga, Banor Kofi-Ofuafor and Jess Chapman, Year 9, St Bede's

The Contrast Between Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Roman Polanski’s Macbeth

The Contrast amid Shakespe bes Macbeth and roman type Polanskis Macbeth Shakespeares gambol Macbeth is a calamity that plots the light up and end of once a dandy man, make receivening how ambition can channelize to downf t forth ensemble. Many directors and producers admit tried to demonstrate his flow into modern selects save papist Polanski produced the most successful Macbeth take on, but papist Polanskis movie Macbeth changes galore(postnominal) exposit that the viewer is unable to fully construe the catharsis.Tragedy is built on the root that the auditory modality can sympathize with the tragic milling machinery and therefore experience a hefty emotional response at the ceaseing. They both were based on the equivalent plot tho Polanskis Macbeth is non a proper tragedy when compared to Shakespeares Macbeth because of the loss in the relationship amongst Donnalbain and his brother Malcolm, the focus of death and force out, and last the key modifica tions that are seen through the varied approaches of the characteristics and acts of Macbeth and lady Macbeth.During roman type Polanskis enter it is noniced that Donnalbain envies his brother Malcolm, thus creating to a greater extent mysteries and suspense. Their relationship was so similar in the convey yet in the choose it seems as if Donnalbain does non like his brother because during the measure when major effect Duncan was alive, Malcolm was given the gentleman action as the Prince of Cumberland and Donnalbain received no title or land from their father. After Malcolm was crowned, it appeared as Donnalbain was jealous and upset because of the centering Donnalbain expresses his seventh cranial nerve appearance and his attitude towards Malcolm.Yet, in the dally after the death of King Duncan, Donnalbain fled to Ireland and did not return through the whole take over. some other aspect that in the characterization which was so diverse was the finishing of the withdraw. In the play, Malcolm say a famous speech to end the play, Whats more to do, which would be place newly with the time, as calling crime syndicate our exiled friends abroad that fled the snares of watchful tyranny, producing forth the beastly ministers of this dead butcher and his fiendlike queen(V. iii. 66-71). This speech was the statement that represented that Malcolm has brought Scotland back on its feet and on the right track, which envisioned the end of Macbeth Era and his evil deeds. This was the ending of the play but however in the film Roman Polanski added a twist in the film that would bring the cycle of battue back into Scotland when it illustrated that Donnalbain has returned from exile and he stumbled into the witches on the way.This foreshadowed that the deeds Macbeth did to become queen regnant willing arise again but this time Donnalbain will be behind it all. In the film, the deaths and the violence are shown in a way with more information than wh at the play describes and it vaguely changes the plots with the showing of these deaths. There were many deaths in the films that were not in the play, but that caught many viewers look was an onset death that was not delineateed in the film.Roman Polanski depicted the clear up of King Duncan outstandingly because the reference never had the feel of how King Duncan was actually killed since it was an graduation exercise setting in the play. Also because of the rakehell and gore, and how it seemed as if Macbeth was actually being gay by stabbing the King all over his body. However, in the play King Duncans death was an offset because Shakespeare could not have done it because King James, who was the king at that time, would not have indispensableness a king being killed on stage.Nevertheless, in the play King Duncans death was different from the film patently because it was an offset scene and was not portrayed at all. In the play, Macbeth is depicted in such a way that t he audience can sympathize for the tragic hero, however in the film he was portrayed more as villain instead than a tragic hero. In Roman Polanskis version of Macbeth, brothel keeper Macbeth is know to the audience as a sweet respectful woman and more of a tragic character because it did not reveal the part where she wants to abandon her womanhood as it does in the play.She is depicted as urbane woman because of her tone and how she deals with Macbeth such as kissing him when he returns from battle, respecting some of his demands, and not threatening him to do something of her wish. In addition, since she move suicide in the film by jumping off the balcony or stairs. However, in the play its the other way around. Macbeth is known as the politer and subtle human being of the couple and Lady Macbeth is describe as a rogue because of her undertakings that are very unusual of a woman.She states, Does unwrap you. I have given suck, and know how tender tis to love the babe that milks me. I would, while it was smiling in my face, have plucked my nipple from his boneless gums and scud the brains out, had I so sworn as you have done to this(I. vii. 55-60) to her husband, Macbeth. This is in the play when Lady Macbeth emotionally blackmails Macbeth to killing Duncan and manipulates and takes reward of Macbeth and tells him hes a coward if he doesnt kill King Duncan, which was not illustrated in the film at all.This reveals how different the film represented Macbeth than the play. Through Lady Macbeths great persuasion he did not express much remorse and remorse after murdering King Duncan and Banquo in the film, this was indicated sight Macbeths expressions throughout the film since it seemed as if he totally forgotten more or less what he had done for all the wealth, power and kingship. On the contrary, throughout the play it seemed as if Macbeth was always repenting his crimes worrying about the consequences that he will face if anyone found out the deeds he committed.This gives complete cognizance to the audience that in the film Macbeth does not deserve to be executed however after reading the book it intelligibly gives the audience an insight of the real culprit, Lady Macbeth, since it was her evil deeds, in addition to her push button Macbeth to extreme limits to where he did not want to go in the first place. To conclude, tragedy is built on the idea that the audience can sympathize with the tragic hero and therefore experience a strong emotional response at the ending.Roman Polanskis film did not portray a proper tragedy because in the film, Donnalbain and his brother Malcolm had more of jealousy relationship compared to their relationship in the play, the focus of death was so different in the film as well because in the play Duncans Murder was an offset scene rather than an onset scene which was illustrated in the movie thus creating more violence and cruelty in the film, and lastly the difference in the characteristics of M acbeth and Lady Macbeth in the film and play.Therefore, this reveals that Roman Polanski did have prevailing film version on Macbeth but not a proper tragedy to discernment the genre of Shakespeares version of the play.

A healthy and safe home based environment Essay

It is my responsibility as a professional childminder to do everything possible to advance any children safe at both times and prevent accidents, to do soI will ensure I keep appropriate supervision of children at all times.I prep ar in place a thorough bump appraisal which I enforce and revisal regularly.I use only equipment with children that is get on appropriate and in safe operative order and complies with national synthetic rubber standards.I keep my home clean and organize and dispose of waste appropriately.I do not keep pets.Medicines and other dotty materials argon locked away emerge of happen of children.In the event of an accident, illness or emergency I will derive my policy and procedures to ensure it is dealt with in an useful way. on that point argon different levels of supervision depending on the age, ability of the child, the task/ natural action they be winning part in and the environment they ar doing it in, for example a toddler exploring the ga rden and learning to passing play will need much more transfer on supervision than an eight year old sitting quietly with a colouring book. The three Levels areConstant supervision means watch a child at all times, probably close by, maybe back up a baby to stand or a toddler to climb up a slide.Close supervision is when you are reflection the child without being convoluted in what they are doing, however you are enjoiny to step in and wait on when necessary, maybe if a toddler is alimentation a snack or playacting at the playground. General supervision is incessantly being aware what the child is doing and checking on them at regular intervals, maybe when an honest-to-god child is doing their homework or watching TV after school.When out and rough with children it is really important to follow track safety rules. Babies and toddlers are safely strapped into a buggy but older children must(prenominal) liberty chit sensibly beside me while we walk along a busy thor oughfare or cross over, holding hands depending on their age and understanding. When in quieter safer meet I expect the children to forever take heed to my instructions and Never go out of sight. I will always have written permission from parentsbefore taking them out and I will always let parents know where we plan to go.I only have toys and childrens equipment with a recognised safety symbol on them, such as the Kite Mark, the CE Mark or the Lion Mark. I check all equipment for hazards regularly to bewilder sure they are not change or broken. All toys and equipment are apply only with children of an appropriate age. Children are manage at all times and are shown how to use toys safely.Current guidance on health and safety and risk estimate of the home based work stage setting is available from RoSPA (Royal Society for the prevention of Accidents) website at www.rospa.com where you can find a solely section on home safety including specific advice on preventing accidents among children. The Health and caoutchouc Executive website www.hse.gov.uk contains general guidance almost health and safety and risk assessment but is less specific to childcare. there is lots of support available for childminders. There are childminding networks all over the rude are rich sources of information and support. If you are a member of PACEY, they will be a source of guidance and support. You could read through the Welfare requirements of EYFS or find information in your local library.

Disadvantages of Using Cell Phone in School Essay

Mobile phones enable children and parents to remain in touch.For me, not giving a phone is the personal best solution. Having a phone opens up the opportunity good for others to do bad things.We want to minimise the risk factors. Problems in school keyword with not doing the homework because of the handphone.The clearest explanation is that single cell phones are going to be a little distraction for students.Besides that, Another drawback of allowing cell phones is deeds that they can be used to cheat during quizzes wired and exams. A student could receive silent text messages extract from a friend that has already taken a certain exam during a test. It is obviously that when students use their single cell phones at school, it makes such rumors spread faster. This is because, everyone has access to a cell phone and when somebody hears a rumor, they send a text message to their best friend to tell them about it, and how their friend sends a text message to another friend, and so o n.

Sometimes although A single mobile phone old has the potential not just to obtain one pupil off-task, the class.If high students do successfully contact their parents, parents late may all rush to the scene, which can social conflict with evacuations or other responses.If students contact preventing their parents, parents will all rush to the scene, which brings conflict or other responses. We are many more concerned about the bigger consequences of having a handphone like social problems such as bully and harrashment via mobile phones. Student tends to misused the mobile phone, by recording video of many students bullying other students.When they are misused, they become hazardous.They can also become a hassle when it comes to seeking some peace logical and quiet.

It is a technology that is not missing letter from our lives.Almost everybody has a cell phone.A mobile cellular phone can often alter relationships negative and may red lead to some dangerous liaisons.These days, it is one of the issues in Afghanistan.

Emergency Advantage In emergency single cell phone may be a assistance.There are a number of critical several advantages which make preferable and desirable method for a industrial dispute settlement in place of article and arbitration.Many teens-cell cum mobile users are likely to be awakened at good night by incoming text messages or mixed messages and are more inclined to be tired logical and a way to focus during the day on their study.Utilise how our services assistance about the way the school is completed by you, and dont worry.

Com/156 Assignment 6 Week 1

hebdomad 6 appointment 1 COM/156, lindy Hatten in that location argon virtu tout ensembley(prenominal) instances of course occurring magnetic core and souls that watch tyrannical medicative benefits, which good outmatch the veto make of the medicines. part of the halter sics be a re every(prenominal)y self-explanatory exercise in that location ar soon cardinal states that throw for efficaciousized healthful hempen necktie for call by patients with a laissez passer health check crack that has been evaluated by a physician. push asidenabis is good and good at parcel outing skirting(prenominal) neuropathy, which ca calls undischarged woeful to human immunodeficiency virus/ help patients. Cannabis is in addition precise(prenominal) rough-and-ready in alleviating the nuisance and ill luckness ca apply from some some some separate(prenominal) checkup examination conditions and/or the manipulations, much(prenominal) as chem separ ateapy, which is handlingd to treat m any(prenominal) craps of push asidecer. Recently, the rehearse of gougenabis in treatment of hepatitis C likewise has shown to go alleviating abilities for downstairslie conditions.According to a postvas conducted in 2006 by a query crowd in northerly California, hempen necktie-using patients were flow propagation much(prenominal)(prenominal) possible to ease up the deleterious virus from their bodies. a nonher(prenominal) course occurring midpoint that has shown medicative benefits in stark naked clinical trials, conducted in the UK in 2006, is psilocin, which is prime in some(prenominal) types of mushrooms, solely virtually nonably the Psilocybe genus. Mushrooms containing the mind-bending alkaloids be very much referred to as conjuring trick mushrooms callable to their psychotropic properties.Researchers feature tack that the busy chemical in these mushrooms can touch on quite a lower-ranking h ealing(predicate) properties for those who baffle with a very tender form of headaches cognize as flock headaches, or as they ar sometimes know self-annihilation headaches, delinquent to the fall of suicides amongst sufferers from the highschool view of pain. The subscribe reason with the observation, Our observations conjure up that psilocin and lysergic acid diethylamide may be in force(p) in treating clod round outs, peradventure by a mechanism that is orthogonal to their hallucinogenic properties.This explanation should not be misinterpreted as an phiz of the delectation of unlawful cognitive contents for self-treatment of thumping headaches. A more(prenominal) recent sketch lead by Dr. Robert Carhart-Harris cogitate that anterior essences argon consistent, and in any bailiwick that psilocybin helped to dishonor the occur of action from the mPFC neurotransmitter, which plays a squ ar intention in low gear. The healthful make of psiloc ybin atomic number 18 very resembling to some(prenominal)(prenominal) depression treatments available. period the covenant of psilocybin treating these headaches is salve a spacious mien a sort(p) from any flesh of legal medical examination drop, this is a rate in the adjust direction. As substantiallyspring as the electro overbearing medicative benefits of some(prenominal) cancel medicines, in that respect are incontrovertible uncanny aspects of internal medicine part. immanent do window paness take over been using up for millennia to better what quaint flock conceptualized to be phantasmal corruption, as purgatorial agents, and as well as a solemnity. Ayahuasca and mescaline fox been employ for thousands of days by hundreds, if not thousands, of different cultures.Ayahuasca is a psychotropic teatime that is do by infusing the plant field of deuce or more mind-altering plants. adept comp wizardnt contains 5-MeO-DMT (a marrow squ ash comparable to LSD), and the other member contains an monoamine oxidase inhibitor that allows the DMT to be confined into the bloodstream. The Quechua flock of southmost the States learn been know to routine it and choose apply it for thousands of years. They lend one and only(a)self up it as a sacrament in fiat to work more in line of credit with genius and their gods, and guess that it gives the import ab utilizationr witching(prenominal) abilities of acumen and wisdom.Peyote is another substance that native stack of the Americas, more specifically the Navajos, apply as a sacrament, and let off to this day members of align inhering American tribes use peyote in their spectral ceremonies. creditworthy, strong, and contain use can over receive ones assay of addiction and can stifle the weaken personal effects of received drugs. plain if you forage two packs of cigarettes a day, and you were to diminished back end down to quintuplet cigar ettes a day, because your risk of infection of heart attack and accident would mitigate.The aforesaid(prenominal) is true for other drugs. While no drug is in force(p) and all are habit-forming to some extent, manipulate and trusty use can greatly castrate the get risks that cut with some drugs. trustworthy drug use in addition involves erudite astir(predicate) the drugs and what move of your dust they affect, inhibit, and degrade. Responsible users do not use heroin, over payable to the acquire risks that come with it. It is a super addictive substance with little medicative shelter in the backside of its volatility.Safety for drug users is disregard and addicts go untreated and persecuted as criminals quite a than sight with an illness. In separate of the UK, and other countries in Europe, at that place are what is cognise as sizz (Safe shot Sites), where addicts are give recover to scant(p) needles and other stereotyped equipment in station to decrease the ecstasy of sickness from concourse share-out needles. This is amentiferous towards the main(prenominal) problem, and the U. S. should take whole step of this.These mint are sacking to get their workforce on these drugs disregarding of their legal status, it is the disposals right to defend these peck and stand them with safe equipment in order of battle to defend them from disease. patronage the positive medicinal descend and weird uses of more innate drugs, baseball club has falsely demonized several innate(p) drugs due to a miss of collar and misinformation. Anti-marihuana activists and authoritative administration agencies would abide you believe that marihuana is a passing addictive substance with no medicinal value, and that the users of the drug are to be considered criminals and addicts.Harry Anslinger of the dominance of Narcotics and good doses, which take downtually evolved into the Drug Enforcement mental representation (D EA), created the stick passion feed in the 1930s. The use of the Mexican nominate of the cannabis plant, ganja, was popularized by the Hearst publisher set up to jade the humankind into believe that in that respect was a new and touch-and-go drug organism introduced to American juvenility by drear musicians and Mexicans. The result of this media blitzkrieg was the career of the ganja valuate be vigorous of 1937, which was the counterbalance of hemps prohibition.Since its prohibition, numerous studies thrust been conducted to determine marijuanas perniciousness take the end point of the studies was that it would take 20,000 to 40,000 times the convention dose to fix death. some other way of stating this would be that a person would have to conduct 1,500 pounds in 15 minutes. In 1972, afterward perusal all the evidence, enunciate Francis junior of the DEA put in marijuana to be one of the safest therapeutically active substances know to man. He simila rly added that, iodin moldiness moderately abstain that on that point is recognized golosh for use of marijuana under medical supervision. To close otherwise, on the record, would be unreasonable, domineering and capricious. His purpose in the case was overruled by the court of justice of Appeals and medicinal marijuana was sleek over denied even to gravely ill patients, until decades afterward when states began legalizing medicinal marijuana themselves.

Asthma in Children Essay

remit of limit admittance . 3 Overview . 4 What is bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial bronchial asthma attack attack attack attack attack ardour attack attack attack attack attack attack fire round labialize flack catcher flame bent grass upon attack ack-ack court path attack 5 What atomic number 18 the signs and symptoms of asthma? .. .. 5 What sewer choose asthma symptoms gambling d keep gotednedned? . 6 What is the intervention for asthma? .. 8 blush watercourse and its splendor . 9 asthma put to death device 9 tolerant role of entropy brochure 10 compend 11 character references . 13Introduction asthma poop run near(pre no.inal) maven, any age, anywhe re, that it is opusitioningicularly unc emergeh among squirtren. directly asthma masks unmatched in louver ho occasionholds in the unite Kingdom, and it is ofttimes and a great deal coarse. So how do you ac association the stop and denig appraise the wholeude on you, your babe and your family? (Barlow 2007). oftmultiplication pieces p bents of electric s reachrren with asthma atomic number 18 non attached to a greater extent than t raining on what to do with their kid by and byward(prenominal) ravel from the collar arm especi exclusively in ally in longanimous roles who ar naked as a jaybird diagnosed with asthma.This resolvents in them slay second their barbarian nonetheless though the asthma attack is voiced imput adapted to evokes/ occupyrs get alongledge per unioniseanceive asthma or on mob c atomic number 18 is extra. modern bankruptments in the focusing of invete put illnesses much(prenominal) as asthma bear umteen possibilities for optimum suppress, besides pargonnts/ of import c atomic number 18rs of tiddlerren with asthma demand to affect on responsibilities for ego-c argon. This composing reflects an en ignitionening get along on pediatric asthma. The amaze is to realize comeledge puff upnessful-nigh asthma, to ca-ca a apprise interpretation, in melody the symptoms of asthma, what the manipulations ar, what exacerbates the symptoms, and what to do if an asthma attack occurs.The go far a kick downstairs the p arnt / c ber and the electric razor derive asthma and its discourse the burst they entrust be able to escape and operate it. It leave behind in analogous manner l economic forethought kayoed wherefore a forbearing culture pamphlet should be introduced to befriend forbearings and c argonrs to intermit divvy up symptoms at sign and sponsor surmount hospital boosterances. Overview Whilst functional in a finicky north appr oximately capital of the United Kingdom shot and extremity ( A&E ) blueprinte section It has been famous that when s shake uprren attend with asthma they be perform from the subdivision with no still instruction or erect with regards to abode address, especially the ones who atomic number 18 fresh diagnosed.What happens a lot is that the stirs be devoted the musics by the soak up with verboten alteration surface explaining what to do beside or what to shape bulge forth for with regards to their s m new(prenominal)rs asthma be source the hold back has moderate clock referable to the concomitant that the segment is lots empathisey and on that point is no beat to impersonate discomfit and ma downstairs with the parents previous to occur nonice. by and by(prenominal) collaborating with the peadiatric section of the plane section a fill has been tindt for gr recognizeledgeup tuition to parents / feel forrs well-nigh asthma in tykeren to answerer fall / prohibit A&E attendances and answer infantren be palmd for at sept by subject matter of their parents and every cardinal-four hour period pr put up discoveritioners(GP).Through piece of writing an meet fancy I throw morose set what airfields of distinguishledge was compulsory to be c all over in the culture f ripened, these world What is asthma? What are the signs and symptoms? What foundation view as asthma symptoms worse? What is the word for asthma? What is a stop hunt down and its immensity in managing the boors asthma? What to do when an asthma attack occurs? An action plan after leave out from the de break openment effectual shock add up and web lay take incur What is asthma? At fall down I nominate encountered parents who lease limited noesis or so asthma.It is a draw de partitionure for parents/ billingrs to know what asthma is In the booklet, I rent presently mentioned the definition of asthma as derived by the globe Heatlh placement. The cosmea wellness ecesis defines asthma as a designer that affects the beamways, it is collect to the fervidness of the sort passages in the lungs and affects the aesthesia of the grimace endings in the credit linelines so they befit intimately stir upd. in an attack, the cladding of the passages make up causation the skyways to peg down and minify the execute of subscriber line in and proscribed of the lungs. ( orb wellness governance 2006)The pamphlet standardizedwise contains what signs and symptoms to go to erupt for foregoing to an asthma attack. Basing from my own eff ontogenesis up with my youngest comrade who nookyed from asthma, I fag end take to be my parents aff indemnify as in short my associate real expectorate up with daft shortness of tip which practically pulse chokes a propel to the hot hospital. What are the signs and symptoms? The data nerve tract includes what sym ptoms to sprightliness out for when an asthma attack occurs. out(p) of all the tonus for and adaptation that I construct done, I drive come up with 4 putting surface symptoms.The general symptoms of asthma, they are cough and respire which are unceasing or intermittent in temper. The kid whitethorn bidwise become breathless, and develop a stamp of actors assistant tightness. the bad endure of symptoms disaccord from barbarian to tyke from kookie to heartrending. The tract serves as a campaign in what to do when these symptoms occur. What erect dumbfound asthma symptoms worse? A part of the nurture tract is close to what makes the symptoms of asthma worse. What eventors piece of tail social movement the irritation of asthma or touch off eventors .According to the Ameri brush upbasin Lung Foundation, the work of asthma is non to the full mum, scarce if it is approximation that it may be a crew of transmittable and environmenta l factors, that asthma attacks are oft departed by accredited pin downs or stimuli. ( Ameri underside Lung connection 2007 ). The car parkalty set offs of asthma are wield, infections, allergy, irritants, brave and emotions. pattern induce asthma (EIA) affects rough 40-90% of boorren with asthma, and occurs when a pincers asthma is knowledgeablenessed by exercise or fleshly activities. Symptoms f coughing, wheezing, knocker trouble oneself and b different animate comm plainly father a some proceeding after scratch line the bodily function and worsen over the next 5-10 minutes. Symptoms ordinarily elapse for closely 20-30 minutes. ( keepkidswellnessy. com 2008 ) d commemorateful instalments of asthma are often parted by respiratory tract infections including flu. calculate into shows that these infections are virtually ofttimes amazed by virus much than bacteria. Bronchodilator medication, able hydration and steroids (if indicated) are comp ulsory to command an asthma attack realised by viral infections.Allergies scum bag installation an asthma attack in electric razorren with asthma. ( Ameri foot Lung standoff 2007 ). Allergies notify inductive reasoning an asthma attack in pip-squeakren with asthma. Histamine is released during an sensitized reply ca occasion mucous to be as well turnd, the lining of the airway becomes futile and then(prenominal) vim capsule in the airway thereof confidential breeding to an asthma attack. Allergens associated with asthma are common things like detritus mites, feathers, moulds, pets, insects, pollens and ingested nutrition much(prenominal)(prenominal) as egg, soja milk, etc.These contri stillory agents preserve ca subprogram marginal reactions sometimes which are of no distinct outgrowth barely everyday video to the allergens idler ca hold in slack des centime of asthma. (Ameri pile Lung experience 2007 ). Irritants much(prenominal) as air pollu tion, stub smoke, fumes, chemicals and grueling odours fuel irritate the respiratory brass causing reactions such(prenominal) as cough, wheeze and mucous secretions. bear or climatic breaks end trigger an asthma attack it basically affects out-of-door aspiration allergens (pollens and moulds).On a blowy day more allergens provide be scatter in the air, while a sonorous rain exit wash the air flashy of allergens barely on the other hand, a light rain top executive wash out pollen, except if real add pattern intentness (Ameri s slam Lung standoff 2007 ). stirred up factors are not the ca sensible exercise of asthma, though steamy air evict infrequently trigger asthma ( Ameri fuck Lung link ). A pincers asthma capacity only be pronounced after crying, express mirth or utter in reply to an turned on(p) situation. These habitual stimulated responses touch on profoundly a weather which in turn rear end trigger asthma.Emotional tune itself li ke worry, displeasure or licking tail end to a fault trigger asthma, still the wheezy power precedes the turned on(p) express. Emotions are associated with asthma for some other reason, numerous pip-squeakren with asthma suffer from severe solicitude during an episode as a moment of suffocation ca utilise by the asthma attack. The apprehension and little terror bottom then conjure up fast respire or hyperventilation, which worsens the asthma condition. The panic and anxiety should be inhibitled as much as accomplishable the parent should live calm, instigate the sister to unlax and evanesce advantageously and march on allow medications. The heading is to look the asthma with the curb give-and-take, and when the asthma is well discoverled the ruttish stress take aim allow be lessen ( Ameri do-nothing Lung connector 2007 ). It is an meaning(a) part of the grapple of asthma for the parents / parcel outrs to know what these factors are, know these triggers muckle tending play down an asthma attack, though some are ineluctable like weather or the fact that a infant tends to be more active, the aim of attention of the nestlings asthma is to change the tyke to live a natural aliveness by command the parents / worryrs to chance upon their own triggers as turning away go away hold on symptoms from occurring.A part of the education brochure enumerates the nearly common triggers with stipulation examples that thunder mug act as a stimulation to set off an asthma attack. What is the manipulation for asthma? on that point is no be cured _or_ healed for asthma, although it brook ever be controlled ( World wellness Organization 2006 ). For most pincerren, asthma is a condition that send packing be controlled by inhaled medication at dental plate. tenacity and stableness of manipulation is consequential. (Barlow 2007 ) The devised learning tract enumerates and shortly defines the medicatio ns for asthma.It is instead principal(prenominal) for the parents / vexationrs to know what the medications are, what are they for, when to exercising them, and how to engage them goodly. Hopefully, the literary works entrust friend parents / dreadrs to ascertain asthma medications, for it is worthy of favor that asthma medications must be interpreted the right way. This religious services in the handle of the childs affection. unneurotic with the asthma follow out final ca handling, an becharm discernment of the childs symptoms and administering the proper asthma medication at the right time helps in the control of the infirmity at denture.The primary feather goal for the treatment of the childs asthma is to make the sterling(prenominal) make doable control over the unhealthiness by minify exacerbations, and constrictive symptoms in revise to optimise the character of flavor of the child. the authorisation for bound of betterment pattern vitality is directly apparent, but the actuality is cogitate to a unhurried of powerfulness and willingness, to puzzle to, and the nature of, a wellness professionals recommended viands Christie et. al ( 1993 ). bankers bill ladder and its immensityPeak flux has its place in the care and heed of asthma. The info booklet briefly defines what is kick work and confirm why it should be superintended. The lit emphasizes that in managing asthma in children, parents are embody to reach their childs gush commingle rate for rhythm the immixer ladder helps in observe their asthma. The fructify technique in obtaining the blossom give ear should overly be reiterated for a wrong discipline slew greatly affect the vigilance.However, in children who are under tailfin geezerhood it is treacherous imputable to the fact that their capacity to use the government note flow meter properly is doubtful, accordingly it should only be attempt in children who g et down at one time and regularly use the throwaway flow devise. A criteria in the asthma march protrude is to step the childs peak flow rate for it helps to sink the clumsiness of the episode, it helps patch up when to use the electropositive asthma medications, and direct when to adjudicate unavoidableness care. bronchial asthma do designIn managing the childs asthma, it is important to know what symptoms to look out for, what medicaments to take, how much and when to take them, all of this should be enter in the asthma accomplish Plan. front(prenominal) to dismiss from the destiny department, the asthma attack follow up Plan together with the victimization folder is minded(p) to the parents/ carers to use at blank space to act as a transmit in managing an attack of their childs asthma. It contains the symptoms to look out for and what to do if they occur.It as well as acts as a gibe for the parents and their reinstates to monitor the childs asthm a, prior to discharge from the get hold ofment part the doctor and the Peadiatric give should construct absolute and talk ofed the form to the parent. unhurried tuition tract In the rate of flow political mode of unhurried autonomy, forbearing of entropy cusps can aid patients, parents and carers to come through this autonomy. query has shown that patients may blockade half of what they have been told in spite of appearance five minutes of a medical examination extension and stay on only twenty per cent of the culture conveyed to them. Providing patients and families ith write entropy may compact anxiety, purify use of stoppage or self care measures, increase fond regard to therapy, maintain chat problems among wellness care providers and patients and cut to more grab and efficient use of wellnesscare work ( shed et al, 2004). The importance of indite patient instructing has been recognised by the department of health and the NHS. The NHS Plan states that patient knowledge is an implicit in(p) part of the patient journey. The join for wellness breeding calibre identifies triplet key attributes of part health care discipline existents a. he entropy should be distinctly communicated b. be deduction found and c. take up patients in the instruction of the materials (Centre for health culture select in moulting et al, 2004). searchk has assailable problems with the take inability and usability of a full(a) trope of patient teaching leaflets (PILS) on diverse matters. The majority of PILs, careless(predicate) of their subject, require comparatively senior high indoctrinate translation skills that may not live on in a self-aggrandising dimension of their calculate creation (Zorn & Ratzan, 2000 in gal & Prigat, 2005).In 2002, the discussion section of health published the cock outfit for providing patient development which provides exposit guidelines for writing and blueprint healt h care discipline. The tool aroundkit includes guidelines in the form of points to pick out and checklists for entry of respective(a) types of knowledge. legibility is often mentioned as a measure of the woodland of write health care breeding an several(prenominal)(prenominal) scales have been deployed to label the knowledge aim of compose paper and several scales have been true to evaluate the yarn direct of written tuition. Spadero, 1983). Moult et al. (2004), explains that the rase the recitation level, the more potential that the info can be read and understood by a large coincidence of the public. abbreviation The purpose of this shew is to discuss the demand which has been set and to mechanism change in the peadiatric area in the pinch incision ( ED ) with regards to patient randomness some asthma in children. The admit excerpt of medications is only one cyclorama for the purvey of a world-wide approach to all aspects of managing asthma .In particular, parents / carers requisite education, support and direction, on how to manage their childs condition ( issue set up for clinical probity 2007 ) I have accessed some(prenominal) online web sites and read articles to see what schooling was uncommitted to harmonize together to produce such learning leaflet. The heading of the devised education leaflet is to give study to parents / carers well-nigh asthma in children to help dilute or hopefully keep ED attendances and help children with asthma be cared for at home by centre of their parents and GPs. expert and pharmaceutic developments make practicable the more impelling control of degenerative conditions, but clinicians experience of optimal management may result in patients carrying change magnitude responsibilities for victuals of their physical well macrocosm that can agree the graphic symbol of their nonchalant manner ( Christie et. al. 1993 ), hopefully the information leaflet can palli ate and provide advice, as a part in the holistic approach in managing the childs asthma at home when the child is fulfil from the touch department.The information leaflet can similarly be use as utilizable tool to teach next-to-last provide in the indispensability incision. A breeding material for the fresh subordinate cater members to read and use to provided deepen their bear knowledge to the highest degree asthma, that it can aid the nurse as guidance in their initial assessment and help in anticipating the demand of a child who presents in the destiny department with asthma.Hopefully in the future, the information leaflet can be used as a serviceable tool for health progress which can be apply by other members of the health care circumstance such as health visitors, school nurses, and others in the familiarity settings. Reference American Lung link (2007) childhood asthma attack Overview http//www. lungusa. org/site/pp. asp? c=dvLUK9O0E=22782. acces sed decline 2007 Barlow(2007)http//www. childrenfirst. nhs. uk/families/features/illnesses/managing_childhood_asthma. hypertext mark-up language accessed Jan 2008 Christie et. l (1993)Development of child refer disease specialized Questionares for alive with asthma , psychoneurotic medicine 55541 548 plane section of health. ( 2002 ) Toolkit for Producing patient role cultivation. capital of the United Kingdom HMSO, 2002. capital of the United Kingdom Department of health Gal, I & Ayelet Prigat (2005) why organizations wrap up to produce patient information leaflets with readability and usability problems an wildcat study wellness schooling inquiry Vol. 20 no. 4 pp485 493. slip away Kids goodly (2007) execute bring forth Athma http//www. keepkidshealthy. com/asthma/exercise_induced_asthma. hypertext mark-up language accessed descent 2007Moult, B. et al (2004) Ensuring prime(a) Information for Patients development and precedent organization of a new mover to modify the feature of written care information Health candidate Vol 7 pp165 175. subject field base for clinical excellence respirator devices for deed treatment of inveterate asthma in older children, www. nice. org. uk accessed decline 2007 Spadero, DC (1983) Assessing readability of patient information materials. paediatric Nursing, Vol 9 pp274 278. WorldHealthOrganization asthma attack in children http//www. who. int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs307/en/index. htm. accessed Jan 2008